Dr. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM  

Hello guys I hope you are doing well today I would like to discuss about the greatest scientist  Missile Man of India, our 11th President of Indian.

                     A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM

IMPORTANT  FACTS :- 

FULL NAME:- Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul kalam 

DATE OF BIRTH :- 15 OCTOBER  1931, Rameswaram

DIED ON :- 27 July 2015 (age 83) , Shilong    

AWARDS:- Padma Bhushan ( 1981 ) 

                     Padma Vibhusan ( 1990 )

                     Bharat Ratan ( 1997 )

                     Hoover Medal ( 2009 )

                     NSS Von Braun Award ( 2013 )

FAMOUS AS :- Missile Man Of India 

NATIONALITY :- Indian 

PROFESSION :- Aerospace Scientist ,11th President Of                               India

NAME OF AUTOBIOGRAPHY :- Wings Of Fire

INTRODUCTION :- 

        Dr. A. P. J. Abdul kalam was born on 15 October  1931 to a Tamil Muslim family in pilgrimage center of Rameshwaram on Pamban and now in the state of Tamil Nadu. His Father Jainulabdeen was a boat owner and Imam of  local mosque, his mother Ashiamma was a housewife. 

      A. P. J. Abdul kalam sir was  very hardworking since from his childhood and a humble person , he was not belong to a well to do family as his father was a boat man he did not have any wealth and formal education but he was a very humble kindhearted man and value his principle and that was imparted to kalam sir from very childhood kalam was taught to respect others and that makes a hero. Once he told an incident  of his childhood that there is a huge cyclone comes and took up their boat and the boat was destroyed, he didn't  know what to do his father didn't  know what to do. So kalam sir started solding news papers and in between this he used to study . His friend Ahmed jalaluddin and cousin Samsuddin were very close to him in early. They are illiterate but still motivated kalam sir to achieve his goal. 

Childhood photo of Kalam Sir

EDUATION AND RISING:-
       He started his study in Rameshwaram. Then he went to Trichirapalli for further studies and enrolled in St. Joseph. He stayed there for four years and only after obtaining B.Sc. he realise that physics was not his subject. He had to go into engineering to realise his dream. He applied in Madras institute of Tecnology and got selected college but fees was quite high so his sister Zohra sold her golden bangles for his study and Kalam sir took a bow to release and also to work hard . He always dreamt to fly and therefore took aeronautical engineering  branch. Teachers always supported Kalam sir in every aspect because of his hardworking and humble nature. From MIT , he went to Hindustan Aeronaustics Limited (HAL) at Bangalore as a trainee and then he was appointed as a senior scientific advisory in DTD&P(Air) (Directorate of Technical Development and production)i.e. a subsidiary  of Defence Ministory. 
        He applied for both. He was not able to make it in Airforce rather selected in the other one and he was disappointed because he wanted to join Airforce.  He was appointed as a junior scientist assistant. He travelled India and also got some important projects. He also went to NASA and their he saw the painting depicted war scene of Tipu Sultan.


MISSLE PROGRAM OF INDIA:-

        India has always been a peaceful nation but the bitter experience of war in 1962 (lndo-china) and 1965(Pakistan) made India to think that defence system ought to be strong and it is possible through science. Kalam sir played a lead role in this along with various scientist. India was a defence importer at that time . He was the first appointed as Rocket engineer  in INCOSPAR. After successful rocket launch in 1963. India tries to expand his defence technology . Vikram Sarabhai initiated it along with whole full government support. Prof.  Sarabhai decided in 1969, to go full steam ahead with the task of establishing indigenous capability in building and launching our own satellite.  Between 1966 to 1971 , about 22 scientists and engineers  had worked  closely with  Prof. Sarabhai. All of them were later to take charge of important  scientific projects. They decided to develop SLV-3 and KALAM SIR WAS A LEADER OF THAT PROJECT. IT WAS IGMDP PROGRAM.

                   Kalam Sir with Vikram Sarabhai

            There were failures in this mission. Vikram Sarabhai passed away in 1971 and then Satish Dhawan took charge of it. He was also a great leader just  like Sarabhai but path was not easy at all. There are very failures once a huge tank bursted, similarly there were great failure in the experiment also. In 1975 , ISRO became a government  body . Meanwhile kalam sir's brother in law , father, mother passed and it was traumatic.  Even the first launch of AGNI Missle was failure in 1989 and whole nation mocked him but they didn't  give up. 

         

 After the succesful launch of Rohini(18july 1980 from India's first Satellite  Lunch Vehicle, SLV-3) .They were eyeing for upgraded missile technology . GOL granted Rs. 390 crores fund to this and it was huge at that time . Thus the surface to surface weapon system became Prithvi and the Tactical Core Vechicle was called Trishul. Air area defence system was named as Akash and the anti-tank missile project Nag ("Cobra"),Agni missile . Prithvi was launched on 25February 1988. It was an epochmaking event in the history of rocketry in the country . On 22nd May 1989 AGNI was launched and it was a great success for IGDBM PROGRAM. Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi called the Agni launch "a major achievement". 

                                    Missile Man

        India is 4th most powerful defence power of the world having budget of approx 53million US Dollars . India has 2012 aircraft and naval strength  295.LRSAM,MRSAM,THAND and many more defence projects are signed with other countries  . India is a very powerful nation and noone can challenge  her as far as army is concerned . Total no. Of aircraft career is 5 including all. The Indian Navy is one of the largest navies in the world, and 1 aircraft carrier  in service, 1 amphibious transport dock, 8 Landing ship tanks, 11 destroyers, 14 frigates, 1 nuclear -powered attack submarine , 1Ballistic missile submarine, 13 conventionally powered attack submarine.

HONOUR AND DEATH:-                                                     

                   Receiving  Bharat Ratan 

       Kalam received 7 honorary dectorates from 40 universities.  The Government  of India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan in1990 for his work with ISRO and DRDO and his role as a scientific advisor  to the Government.  In 1997, Kalam received  India's highest civilian honour , the Bharat Ratan , for his contribution to the scientific research and modernization of  the defence tecnology in India . In 2013 , he was the recipient of the Von Braun Award from the National Space Society "to recognize excellence  in the management  and leadership  of a space related project " . He was the 11th President of  India from 2002 to 2007 . On 27 July 2015 , Kalam travelled  to Shillong to deliver a lecture  on "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" at the Indian  Institute  of Management  Shillong. At around 6:35p.m. IST, only five minutes  into his lecture,  he collapsed . Kalam sir was confirmed  dead of a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45p.m.

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